Mathura City History and Tourism Guide: Birthplace of Lord Krishna

Introduction

Mathura is one of the oldest and most sacred cities in India, known worldwide as the birthplace of Lord Krishna. Located in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, Mathura is not just a religious destination but also a city rich in ancient history, culture, architecture, and tourism. Every year, millions of pilgrims and travelers visit Mathura to experience its spiritual atmosphere, historical monuments, temples, festivals, and nearby tourist attractions.

This detailed guide covers Mathura city history and tourism in one complete article. Whether you are a history lover, spiritual seeker, or travel enthusiast, this blog will help you understand why Mathura holds a special place in Indian civilization.

Where Is Mathura Located?

Mathura is situated on the banks of the Yamuna River, about 145 km south-east of Delhi and 57 km north of Agra. It is well-connected by road, rail, and nearby airports, making it an easy destination for domestic and international tourists.

State: Uttar Pradesh

Region: Braj Bhoomi

River: Yamuna

Mathura is also part of the famous Golden Triangle Tourist Circuit (Delhi–Agra–Jaipur).

Ancient History of Mathura , Mathura in Ancient India

Mathura is one of the seven most sacred cities (Sapta Puri) mentioned in Hindu scriptures. Archaeological evidence shows that Mathura has been continuously inhabited for over 3,000 years.

In ancient times, Mathura was an important center of:

• Trade
• Culture
• Religion
• Art and sculpture

The city flourished as a major hub during the Maurya Empire, Shunga Dynasty, and Kushan Empire.

Mathura and Lord Krishna

Mathura is globally famous as the Janmabhoomi (birthplace) of Lord Krishna, one of the most worshipped Hindu gods.

According to Hindu mythology:

Lord Krishna was born in Mathura to Devaki and Vasudeva

He was imprisoned by his uncle King Kansa

Krishna was secretly taken to Gokul, where he was raised

This divine story makes Mathura one of the most important pilgrimage destinations in India.

Mathura Under Different Rulers

Over centuries, Mathura came under various rulers:

• Mauryas
• Kushans
• Guptas
• Delhi Sultanate
• Mughal Empire

The Kushan period was especially significant because Mathura became a major center of Buddhist, Jain, and Hindu art. The famous Mathura School of Art originated here and influenced Indian sculpture for centuries.

Cultural Importance of Mathura

Mathura is the heart of Braj culture, deeply associated with Lord Krishna’s life.

Key cultural elements:

• Braj language
• Devotional music (Bhajans and Kirtans)
• Ras Leela dance performances
• Traditional festivals

The culture of Mathura is colorful, spiritual, and deeply rooted in devotion.

Famous Tourist Places in Mathura

1. Shri Krishna Janmabhoomi Temple

This is the most important religious site in Mathura. It marks the exact place where Lord Krishna was born.

Highlights:

• Prison cell of Kansa
• Modern temple complex
• Daily prayers and aartis

Best time to visit: Early morning or evening

2. Dwarkadhish Temple

One of the most visited temples in Mathura, dedicated to Lord Krishna as the King of Dwarka.

Special attraction:

• Morning and evening aartis
• Janmashtami celebrations
• Beautiful architecture

3. Vishram Ghat

Located on the banks of the Yamuna River, Vishram Ghat is believed to be the place where Lord Krishna rested after killing Kansa.

Things to do:

• Boat ride on Yamuna
• Evening Yamuna Aarti
• Photography

4. Govardhan Hill

Govardhan Hill is associated with the legend where Lord Krishna lifted the hill to protect villagers from heavy rains.

Distance from Mathura: Around 22 km

Popular activity: Govardhan Parikrama (21 km walk)

5. Gokul

Gokul is where Lord Krishna spent his childhood.

Major attractions:

• Nand Bhavan
• Raman Reti
• Temples and ghats

6. Barsana

Barsana is the birthplace of Radha Rani, Krishna’s beloved.

Famous for:

• Radha Rani Temple
• Lathmar Holi festival
• Hilltop views

7. Mathura Museum (Government Museum)

This museum displays ancient sculptures, coins, inscriptions, and artifacts from different historical periods.

It is ideal for history lovers and researchers.

Festivals of Mathura

Janmashtami

Janmashtami is the biggest festival in Mathura, celebrating the birth of Lord Krishna.

• Grand decorations
• Midnight celebrations
• Millions of devotees

Holi in Mathura and Vrindavan

Mathura Holi is world-famous.

Types of Holi:

• Lathmar Holi (Barsana)
• Phoolon Ki Holi (Vrindavan)
• Widow Holi

Tourists from all over the world visit Mathura during Holi.

Best Time to Visit Mathura

The best time to visit Mathura is:

• October to March (pleasant weather)
• August–September for Janmashtami
• February–March for Holi

Avoid peak summer months (May–June) due to extreme heat.